In
1965 the 28A was introduced from a factory located in Menominee
Michigan, where Enstrom is still located. The exceptionally safe
and successful "28" design line of helicopters has had few changes
in its history, mostly being cosmetic. The 28A line had large
doors, a flat windshield and a wraparound instrument panel. The
letter C was added when a turbo-charger was added to the Lycoming
4 cylinder engine. The 0 was added as a suffix when the nose was
shaped to a point and the instrument panel became a freestanding
pedestal. Combinations of early Enstrom Helicopters currently
flying are listed as 28A, 28C, 280A, 280C, with an experimental
28C-2 that used the instrument pedestal and introduced a soon
to be very popular bubble windshield. In the early 80's Enstrom
increased the power of their helicopters again. Now at 225 hp
and gave the line the suffix F. The 28F are the higher-powered
helicopter with the now standardized bubble windshield. The 280F
still has the pointed nose, but in 1985 added fiberglass fairing
and other decorative additions and added the letter X. Enstrom
still produces both the 28F and the 280FX. In the mid-90's Enstrom,
took their extremely successful and safe airframe design, widened
and stretched the cabin to accommodate 5 people and replaced the
engine with a turbine, labeling it the 480. Currently there are
more then 700 registered Enstroms.
What
makes the Enstrom so safe is a combination of items. First being
turbo-charged allows the aircraft to be operated in high and hot
locations. With a rotor head and blade system that weighs more
then 300 pounds the Enstrom has an extremely slow and gentle hover
and glide ability. The Enstrom's extremely impressive safety record
includes virtually no time life on its main rotor blades or drive
belt. Infact Enstrom has never had a catastrophic failure,
a failure of its drive belt or main rotor blade separation! The
Enstrom can not get into destructive helicopter operations such
as ground resonance, mast bumping, retreating blade stall or lack
of tail authority. Flight safety techniques taught to avoid these
dangerous situations in other helicopter designs are only a mention
to Enstrom pilots. Even primary flight instruction in an Enstrom
typically includes full touchdown landings without power, demonstration
of low rotor RPM, and "low G-push overs" that are rarely taught
in other helicopters. There are stories of in-flight collisions
that have resulted in destruction or loss of the tail rotor that
ended with an uneventful and safe landing. With no exposed main
rotor control rods or swash plates there have been reports of
Enstroms accidentally being flown into wires and then successfully
flown out!
With the
ability to fly 3 people, 60 pounds of baggage, full fuel for 2
½ hours at speeds of more then 100 miles an hour makes the Enstrom
an extremely popular helicopter to train in and to own!